Table of Contents

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY    
1.1 ELECTRONIC GASES BUSINESS – MARKET OVERVIEW    
1.2 WORLDWIDE ECONOMY AND OUTLOOK    
1.3 MARKET TRENDS IMPACTING 2024 OUTLOOK    
1.3.1 SEMICONDUCTOR SALES GROWTH   
1.3.2 TECHCET ELECTRONIC MATERIALS MARKET FORECAST THROUGH 2029   
1.4 ELECTRONIC GASES 5-YEAR REVENUE FORECAST BY SEGMENT    
1.5 ELECTRONIC GASES DEMAND BY SEGMENT – HIGHLIGHT KEY MATERIALS    
1.6 ELECTRONIC GASES MARKET TRENDS    
1.6.1 ELECTRONIC GASES TECHNOLOGY TRENDS   
1.7 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE  - ELECTRONIC GASES    
1.7.1 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE  - INDUSTRIAL GASES   
1.8 CURRENT QUARTER  TOP-5 GLOBAL ELECTRONIC GASES SUPPLIERS’ ACTIVITIES & REPORTED REVENUES    
1.9 EHS AND TRADE/LOGISTIC ISSUES     
1.10 ANALYST ASSESSMENT OF ELECTRONIC GASES    

2 SCOPE, PURPOSE AND METHODOLOGY    
2.1 SCOPE, PURPOSE & METHODOLOGY    
2.2 OVERVIEW OF TECHCET CMR™ OFFERINGS    

3 SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY MARKET STATUS & OUTLOOK    
3.1 WORLDWIDE ECONOMY AND OUTLOOK    
3.2 WORLDWIDE ECONOMY AND OVERVIEW    
3.2.1 WORLDWIDE ECONOMY AND SEMICONDUCTOR MARKET OVERVIEW   
3.2.2 SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRIES TIES TO THE GLOBAL ECONOMY   
3.2.3 SEMICONDUCTOR SALES GROWTH   
3.2.4 TAIWAN OUTSOURCE MANUFACTURER MONTHLY SALES TRENDS   
3.3 CHIPS SALES BY ELECTRONIC GOODS SEGMENT    
3.3.1 FACTORS IMPACTING ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS OUTLOOK   
3.3.2 PC OUTLOOK  
3.3.3 SMARTPHONE OUTLOOK   
3.3.4 AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY OUTLOOK   
3.3.5 SERVERS / IT MARKET   
3.4 SEMICONDUCTOR FABRICATION GROWTH & EXPANSION    
3.4.1 IN THE MIDST OF HUGE INVESTMENT IN CHIP EXPANSIONS   
3.4.2 PUBLIC FUNDS STIMULATING PRIVATE INVESTMENTS IN EXPANSION ACROSS THE GLOBE   
3.4.3 SEMICONDUCTOR SUPPLY CHAIN ANNOUNCED EXPANSIONS IN THE US   
3.4.4 EQUIPMENT SPENDING TRENDS   
3.4.5 TECHNOLOGY ROADMAPS   
3.5 POLICY & TRADE TRENDS AND IMPACT    
3.6 SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTION (WAFER STARTS*) AND MATERIALS OVERVIEW    
3.6.1 TECHCET WAFER STARTS FORECAST THROUGH 2029   
3.6.2 TECHCET ELECTRONIC MATERIALS MARKET FORECAST THROUGH 2028   

4 ELECTRONIC GASES MARKET TRENDS    
4.1 ELECTRONIC GASES MARKET TRENDS – OUTLINE    
4.2 ELECTRONIC GASES BUSINESS – MARKET OVERVIEW    
4.2.1 2024 ELECTRONIC GASES MARKET LEADING INTO 2025   
4.2.2 ELECTRONIC GASES MARKET OUTLOOK   
4.3 ELECTRONIC GASES 5-YEAR REVENUE FORECAST BY SEGMENT    
4.3.1 ELECTRONIC GASES MARKET KEY GROWTH AREAS    
4.3.2 ELECTRONIC GASES MARKET BY GAS SEGMENT   
4.4 ELECTRONIC GASES SUPPLY CAPACITY AND DEMAND, INVESTMENTS OVERVIEW   
4.5 ELECTRONIC GASES SUPPLY CAPACITY AND DEMAND, INVESTMENTS    
4.6 ELECTRONIC GASES – REGIONAL CONSIDERATIONS    
4.6.1 REGIONAL GAS CONSUMPTION BY REVENUE   
4.6.2 ELECTRONIC GASES PRODUCTION CAPACITY EXPANSIONs   
4.6.3 REGIONAL ACTIVITY SPECIALTY GAS INVESTMENTS   
4.6.4 INVESTMENT ANNOUNCEMENTS OVERVIEW, COMPANY PERSPECTIVE   
4.7 RARE GASES – XE, KR, NE - SUPPLY VS. DEMAND BALANCE – OVERVIEW    
4.8 SUPPLY & DEMAND OF SELECTED GASES (HE, NE, XE, KR, NF3, WF6)    
4.8.1 SUPPLY VS. DEMAND BALANCE  – NEON   
4.8.2 SUPPLY VS. DEMAND BALANCE – XENON   
4.8.3 SUPPLY VS. DEMAND BALANCE  – KRYPTON   
4.8.4 HELIUM SUPPLY V. DEMAND   
4.8.4.1 GLOBAL HELIUM SUPPLY COMPARISON 2024 VS. 2029   
4.8.4.2 HELIUM SUPPLY RISK BY COUNTRY 2030   
4.8.4.3 KEY PLAYERS IN THE HELIUM SUPPLY CHAIN   
4.8.4.4 GLOBAL HELIUM DEMAND – ALL APPLICATIONS   
4.8.4.5 HELIUM SUPPLY V. DEMAND – SEMICONDUCTOR   
4.8.4.6  REGIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR HELIUM DEMAND   
4.8.5 NF3, NITROGEN TRIFLUORIDE   
4.8.5.1 NF3, NITROGEN TRIFLUORIDE – SEMICONDUCTOR   
4.8.5.2 NF3, NITROGEN TRIFLUORIDE BY SEMI APPLICATION   
4.8.5.3 MATERIALS HISTORY AND FORECAST – NF3 AND F-REPLACEMENTS   
4.8.6 WF6 SUPPLY & DEMAND HISTORY AND FORECAST   
4.8.6.1 5-YEAR WF6 FORECAST BY REGION   
4.8.6.2 TOP 5 WF6 SUPPLIERS   
4.8.6.3 WF6 MARKET GROWTH POTENTIAL   
4.9 PRICING TRENDS – RARE GASES      
4.9.1 PRICING TRENDS – RARE GASES, REGIONAL FACTORS    
4.10 HELIUM PRICE TREND & FORECAST    
4.11 TECHNOLOGY TRENDS/TECHNICAL DRIVERS - OUTLINE    
4.11.1 ELECTRONIC GASES GENERAL TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW   
4.11.2 ELECTRONIC GASES TECHNOLOGY TRENDS   
4.11.3 SPECIALTY/EMERGING MATERIAL AND APPLICATIONS   
4.11.4 SPECIALTY/EMERGING ETCH APPLICATIONS   
4.11.5 ALE ETCH GAS LISTING   
4.11.6 WF6 MARKET DEMAND, POTENTIAL DISPLACEMENT BY MOLYBDENUM   
4.11.7 SUMMARY OF TECHNICAL TRENDS AND OPPORTUNITIES   
4.12 EHS AND TRADE/LOGISTIC ISSUES     
4.12.1 EHS ISSUES   
4.12.2 EHS ISSUES – HFCS   
4.12.3 RUSSIA INVASION OF UKRAINE   
4.12.4 YEMEN’S HOUTHI ATTACKS IN THE RED SEA AND GULF OF ADEN CONTINUE    
4.13 ANALYST ASSESSMENT OF ELECTRONIC GASES MARKET TRENDS    

5 SUPPLY-SIDE MARKET LANDSCAPE    
5.1 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE  - ELECTRONIC GASES    
5.1.1 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE  - INDUSTRIAL GASES   
5.2 TOP-5 GLOBAL ELECTRONIC GASES SUPPLIERS’ ACTIVITIES –QOQ REVENUES    
5.2.1 US SUPPLIER RANKING    
5.2.2 LINDE PLC FULL YEAR 2024 – REVENUE FLAT FROM 2023, WITH +7% OPERATING PROFIT   
5.2.3 AIR LIQUIDE – 2024 SOLID PERFORMANCE WITH NEARLY 11% INCREASE IN OPERATING INCOME   
5.2.4 MERCK'S ELECTRONICS SECTOR UP 3.4% IN 2024, WITH STRONG GROWTH IN MATERIALS   
5.2.5 TNSC, TAIYO NIPPON SANSO CORP REVENUES 2024 Q3 RESULTS   
5.3 REGIONAL TRENDS     
5.3.1 REGIONAL TRENDS– KOREA   
5.3.2 REGIONAL TRENDS– JAPAN   
5.3.3 REGIONAL TRENDS– CHINA   
5.3.4 REGIONAL TRENDS – CHINA-TAWAN   
5.3.5 REGIONAL TRENDS – RUSSIA   
5.3.6 REGIONAL TRENDS– EU   
5.4 M&A ACTIVITY AND PARTNERSHIPS    
5.5 PLANT CLOSURES / DIVESTITURES    
5.6 NEW ENTRANTS    
5.7 SUPPLIERS OR PARTS/PRODUCT LINES THAT ARE AT RISK OF DISCONTINUATIONS    
5.8 TECHCET ANALYST ASSESSMENT OF ELECTRONIC GAS SUPPLIERS    

6 SUB-TIER SUPPLY CHAIN, ELECTRONIC GASES   
6.1 SUB-TIER SUPPLY CHAIN: SOURCES & MARKETS OVERVIEW    
6.2 BULK GASES AND THEIR SOURCES    
6.3 FLUORSPAR SUPPLY    
6.3.1 FLUORSPAR WORLD RESERVES   
6.3.2 FLUORSPAR SUPPLY, DEMAND AND PRICING IMPACTS   
6.4 BROMINE SUPPLY    
6.5 TUNGSTEN SUPPLY    
6.6 SUB-TIER SUPPLY-CHAIN TECHCET ANALYST ASSESSMENT    

7 SUPPLIER PROFILES    
AIR LIQUIDE
AIR PRODUCTS
AIR WATER
ARNOX
CRYOIN
DUPONT
and more…

Figures
FIGURE 1.1: WORLDWIDE SEMICONDUCTOR SALES ($B)   
FIGURE 1.2: TECHCET WORLDWIDE ELECTRONIC MATERIALS FORECAST ($M USD)  
FIGURE 1.3: ELECTRONIC GAS MARKET  
FIGURE 1.4: SPECIALTY GAS VOLUME DEMAND SEGMENTED BY MOLECULE 2024 (~43K METRIC TONS)  
FIGURE 1.5: ELECTRONIC GAS MARKET SHARE 2024, US$6342  
FIGURE 1.6: TOTAL INDUSTRIAL GAS MARKET SHARE 2024, US$107B  
FIGURE 1.7: TOP-5 ELECTRONIC GASES MAKERS’ QUARTERLY COMBINED SALES (LINDE, AL, AP, RESONAC, TNSC)  
FIGURE 3.1: HISTORICAL AND FORECASTED GDP GROWTH (2000 – 2029)  
FIGURE 3.2: GLOBAL ECONOMY AND THE ELECTRONICS SUPPLY CHAIN  (2024)  
FIGURE 3.3: WORLDWIDE SEMICONDUCTOR SALES ($B)   
FIGURE 3.4: TECHCET’S TAIWAN SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY INDEX (TTSI) MOMENTUM TRACKER  
FIGURE 3.5: 2024 SEMICONDUCTOR CHIP APPLICATIONS  
FIGURE 3.6: SMARTPHONE SHIPMENTS, WW ESTIMATES   
FIGURE 3.7: GLOBAL LIGHT VEHICLE PRODUCTION FORECAST (IN MILLIONS OF UNITS)  
FIGURE 3.8: US EV RETAIL SHARE FORECAST  
FIGURE 3.9: AUTOMOTIVE SEMICONDUCTOR REVENUES HISTORY AND FORECAST (ESTIMATED, B$’S USD)  
FIGURE 3.10: AI VALUE FORECAST ($B’S USD)  
FIGURE 3.11: SCALE OF TODAY’S AI-CENTRIC DATA CENTERS  
FIGURE 3.12: TSMC PHOENIX FAB INVESTMENT TO EXCEED US $65B  
FIGURE 3.13: ESTIMATED GLOBAL FAB INVESTMENT 2024-2029 ($858.6B)  
FIGURE 3.14: ANNOUNCED PUBLIC STIMULUS AND RESPECTIVE SEMICONDUCTOR CHIP MANUFACTURING REGIONS  
FIGURE 3.15: SEMICONDUCTOR SUPPLY CHAIN EXPANSIONS WITHIN THE US   
FIGURE 3.16: GLOBAL TOTAL EQUIPMENT SPENDING (US$ M)  
FIGURE 3.17: TSMC LOGIC ROADMAP BY NODE  
FIGURE 3.18: TECHCET WAFER START FORECAST BY NODE SEGMENTS MILLIONS OF 200MM EQUIVALENTS PER YEAR  
FIGURE 3.19: TECHCET WORLDWIDE ELECTRONIC MATERIALS FORECAST ($M USD)  
FIGURE 4.1: ELECTRONIC GAS MARKET  
FIGURE 4.2: 2024 SPECIALTY GAS MARKET DEMAND BY GAS MOLECULE ESTIMATE (43K METRIC TONS)   
FIGURE 4.3: 2024 SEMICONDUCTOR BULK GAS VOLUME DEMAND BY MOLECULE (114K METRIC TONS)  
FIGURE 4.4: 2024 SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONIC GASES REVENUE SHARE BY REGION (US $6.052B)  
FIGURE 4.5: 2024 CHINA SEMI FAB EXPANSIONS  
FIGURE 4.6: RARE GASES, AND HE SUPPLY & DEMAND 2024-2029  
FIGURE 4.7: NEON SUPPLY/DEMAND FORECAST  
FIGURE 4.8: GLOBAL NEON REVENUES  
FIGURE 4.9: XENON SUPPLY/DEMAND FORECAST  
FIGURE 4.10: GLOBAL XENON REVENUES  
FIGURE 4.11: KRYPTON SUPPLY/DEMAND FORECAST  
FIGURE 4.12: GLOBAL KRYPTON REVENUES  
FIGURE 4.13: GLOBAL HELIUM SUPPLY AND DEMAND (BCF)  
FIGURE 4.14: 2024 GLOBAL HELIUM SUPPLY  
FIGURE 4.15: 2029 GLOBAL HELIUM SUPPLY  
FIGURE 4.16: HELIUM SUPPLY RISK BY COUNTRY 2030  
FIGURE 4.17: HELIUM DEMAND BY APPLICATION 2024 ~6 BCF  
FIGURE 4.18: SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTION HELIUM DEMAND, 2025  
FIGURE 4.19: HELIUM DEMAND BY APPLICATION 2023 - 5.9 BCF  
FIGURE 4.20: NF3 SUPPLY/DEMAND FORECAST – ALL MARKETS  90
FIGURE 4.21: NF3 SUPPLY/DEMAND FORECAST –SEMICONDUCTOR ONLY  
FIGURE 4.22: NF3 DEMAND FORECAST SEGMENTED BY ETCH AND CHAMBER CLEANING – SEMICONDUCTOR APPLICATIONS ONLY  
FIGURE 4.23: NF3 AND FLUORINE REPLACEMENTS  – SEMICONDUCTOR ONLY (ACTUAL WEIGHTS)   
FIGURE 4.24: WF6 SUPPLY & REGIONAL DEMAND HISTORY FORECAST (MT)  
FIGURE 4.25: WORLDWIDE NOBLE GASES ASP TREND  
FIGURE 4.26: THE NUMBER OF ALE PATENTS RELATING TO ANISOTROPIC AND PLASMA ETCHING PROCESSES  
FIGURE 4.27: COMPARISONS OF MO PRECURSOR VAPOR PRESSURES  
FIGURE 4.28: GREENHOUSE GAS PROTOCOL, DETAILED CATEGORIES  
FIGURE 4.29: SCOPE 3 EMISSIONS FOR SEMICONDUCTOR COMPANIES  
FIGURE 4.30: CO2-EQUIVALENT EMISSIONS FOR TYPICAL FAB   
FIGURE 4.31: RUSSIA-UKRAINE WAR ZONES  
FIGURE 4.32: HOUTHI RED SEA ATTACK FREQUENCY & LOCATION  
FIGURE 5.1: ELECTRONIC GAS MARKET SHARE 2024, US$6342  
FIGURE 5.2: TOTAL INDUSTRIAL GAS MARKET SHARE 2024, US$107B  
FIGURE 5.3: TOP-5 ELECTRONIC GASES MAKERS’ QUARTERLY COMBINED SALES (LINDE, AL, AP, RESONAC, TNSC)  
FIGURE 5.4: NIPPON SANSO YOY FINANCIALS 2024/2023  
FIGURE 5.5: KOREA SEMICONDUCTOR DEVELOPMENT PLAN  
FIGURE 5.6: CHINA’S BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE MEMBERS  
FIGURE 5.7: SEMICONDUCTOR CLUSTERS IN TAIWAN  
FIGURE 5.8: RUSSIA GAZPROM HELIUM PLANT AMUR  
FIGURE 6.1: FLUORSPAR WORLDWIDE MINE PRODUCTION 2024 (KMT)  
FIGURE 6.2: WW RESERVES OF FLUORSPAR IN 2024, BY COUNTRY (US$/KILOTONNE)  
FIGURE 6.3: FLUORSPAR PRICE IN US 2014-2023 (US$/KILOTONNE)  
FIGURE 6.4: BROMINE WORLDWIDE PRODUCTION 2024 (MT)  
FIGURE 6.5: TUNGSTEN PRICE AND SUPPLY  

TABLES
TABLE 1.1: ELECTRONIC GASES(S) GROWTH OVERVIEW  
TABLE 1.2: GLOBAL GDP AND SEMICONDUCTOR REVENUES  
TABLE 3.1: GLOBAL GDP AND SEMICONDUCTOR REVENUES  
TABLE 3.2: INITIALLY ANNOUNCED* US RECIPROCAL TARIFF SCHEDULE  
TABLE 3.3: WORLDWIDE PC FORECAST BY SEGMENT  
TABLE 3.4: IT MARKET SPENDING FORECAST, 2025  
TABLE 4.1: ELECTRONIC GASES(S) GROWTH OVERVIEW  
TABLE 4.2: ELECTRONIC GASES SUPPLIER MANUFACTURING LOCATIONS   
TABLE 4.3: KEY SUPPLIERS BY REGION AND SUPPLY CHAIN ISSUES  
TABLE 4.4: 2024/2025 ELECTRONIC GASES SUPPLIER INVESTMENTS OVERVIEW/NEWS     
TABLE 4.5: 5-YEAR RARE GASES, HE, NF3, AND WF6, SUPPLY & DEMAND  
TABLE 4.6: SUPPLIERS WITH LOCATIONS IN AREAS OF HIGH RISK   
TABLE 4.7: GAS TRENDS AND OPPORTUNITIES BY DEVICE TYPE  
TABLE 5.1: ESTIMATED MARKET SHARE BY SUPPLIER  
TABLE 5.2: ESTIMATED INDUSTRIAL MARKET SHARE BY SUPPLIER  
TABLE 5.3: ESTIMATED SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLIER RANKING  
TABLE 5.4: LINDE QOQ AND YOY FINANCIALS 2024/2023  
TABLE 5.5: AIR LIQUIDE YOY FINANCIALS 2024/2023  
TABLE 5.6: MERCK YOY FINANCIALS 2024/2023  
TABLE 6.1: BULK AND INERT GAS APPLICATION AND SOURCE DESCRIPTION  
TABLE 6.2: FLUORSPAR WORLDWIDE MINE PRODUCTION AND RESERVES 2024 (KMT)